Predictors of neonatal mortality among neonates in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

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BACKGROUND: Since 2015, Ethiopia is committed to lowering the death rate for children under five and it is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa that has accomplished the fourth Millennium Development Goal. However, in Ethiopia, neonatal death has remained a serious public health concern, with greater rates found in Tigray regional state and the predictors aren't well recognized. The goal of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of neonatal death in the Tigray regional State as well as any relevant risk factors. METHODS: This study performed a secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) report. Information was gathered on 716 neonates who were born five years before the survey began. Risk factors for neonatal mortality were thought to include mother and neonate demographics, health, and environmental factors. The study employed multivariable logistic regression model analysis and descriptive statistics to identify significant correlates of neonatal mortality. RESULTS: In Tigray regional state, the overall prevalence of neonatal mortality was 4.3% (95% CI: 3.06, 6.10). The multivariable logistic regression model analysis revealed that factors such as multiple birth types (AOR = 15.3, 95% CI: 3.54, 65.84), birth order (2-4) (AOR = 4.88, 95% CI: 1.52, 15.7), sex of the neonate (being male) (AOR = 3.75, 95% CI: 1.45, 9.75), home place of delivery (AOR = 7.4, 95% CI: 2.0, 27.6), and neonates born to mothers aged 20-34 years (AOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.087, 0.58) were significantly risk factors associated with a higher risk of neonatal mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS: The study recognized the sex of the neonate, birth order, mother's age, place of delivery, and birth type as potential risk factors for neonatal mortality. The prevalence of neonatal mortality indicated that the neonatal mortality rate in Tigray regional state was higher than the national average. To reduce neonatal mortality, targeted interventions should focus on high-risk groups, such as mothers delivering at home and those with multiple births.

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