Age, Glasgow Coma Scale and vasopressors as predictors of mortality in traumatized patients treated in the ICU

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Introduction: Trauma represents one of the most significant problems in public healthcare worldwide. It is one of the leading causes of mortality, particularly among children and young adults, but with a significant majority of non-fatal injuries that result in lifelong disabilities and health consequences. Proper and timely identification of patients with a higher risk of mortality is crucial for better outcomes in patients who suffer from trauma. The aim of this study is to identify potential predictors of in-hospital mortality among patients who suffered trauma and are treated in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit). Methods: The retrospective cohort study was conducted in a trauma, 12-bed ICU at the University Emergency Centre, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Belgrade. All consecutive patients with blunt trauma were admitted to the ICU between August 2021 and August 2022. The primary outcomes of interest were all-cause in-hospital mortality. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: GCS (Hazard ratio 0.924 95%CI 0.873-0.979), vasopressors (Hazard ratio 3.47 95%CI 1.373-8.787) and age (Hazard ratio 1.030 95%CI 1.014-1.047) can independently predict in-hospital mortality. Conclusion:This study suggests risk factors for unfavorable clinical outcomes after severe trauma. It may be essential to properly and promptly differentiate between individuals with lower prognoses, which can lead to prompt and more aggressive treatment of these patients and might decrease in-hospital mortality. Age, vasopressors and mechanical ventilation, in particular, may be helpful indicators of in-hospital mortality of traumatized patients treated in the ICU.

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