Effects of Primed Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes on Immunomodulation in Behcet Uveitis

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Abstract Purpose This study sought to investigate the potential role of exosomes of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) primed (IFN+Exo) and non-primed (IFN-Exo) adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) for the treatment of Behçet Disease (BD) uveitis (BU). Methods AdMSCs were isolated from adipose tissue. Characterization and multipotency analyses were performed. Exosomes were isolated from the media of AdMSCs and then characterized. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from patients with BU and healthy individuals. AdMSCs were preincubated with or without IFN-γ for 48 h. PBMC of patients with BU and healthy controls separately cultured with exosomes for 72 h. After the culture period, lymphocyte proliferation, viability, and apoptosis were carried out via flow cytometry. The expression of interleukin (IL)-10, IL-17, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and interferon (IFN)-γ levels were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results IFN+Exo promoted lymphocyte apoptosis in patients with BU. IFN+Exo suppressed cell viability of T lymphocytes of BU. Exosomes alone did not affect on T lymphocyte proliferation. Additionally, exosomes increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of T lymphocytes in patients with BU. Conclusion This study’s findings can open a new pathway in MSCs/exosome therapy in BU.

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