Review—Advances in Nanomaterial-Based Biosensors for Heavy Metal Detection and Remediation in Soil

Résumé fourni par la source

Soil degradation due to the accumulation of heavy metal ions has impacted the lives of living beings worldwide. Indispensable use of heavy metals (HMs) in large-scale industries, biomedical sectors and agriculture is a major contributing factor, besides natural dissipation. Conventional techniques for the removal of HMs including stabilization, vitrification, encapsulation, phytoremediation etc come up with plenty of drawbacks. Nanotechnology is playing a critical role in different sectors for achieving sustainability. Hence, integrating nanotechnology with other advanced techniques viz., biosensing seems to be the greatest solution to resolving the environmental crises imposed by HMs. Nanomaterials (NMs), fabricated through nanotechnology, are conferred with qualities such as high surface-to-volume ratio, superior electrochemical properties, exorbitant conductivity, bio-compatibility and unique optical attributes. A large number of studies have been discussed emphasizing the successful implication of NMs-based biosensors in the detection of heavy metals from the environment, particularly soil components and strategies for their remediation. Moreover, future outlooks involve more successful and efficient ways of developing nano-biosensors for HM detection, elevating agricultural output in HM-free soils by developing smart sensors and combining the Internet of Things with agriculture.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.