Abstract 4140698: CA SE M ANAGERS AND P EER S UPPORT GROUPS (CAMPS) FOR PROPHYLAXIS ADHERENCE IN RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASE

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Background: Secondary antibiotic prophylaxis (SAP) is the only intervention known to prevent rheumatic heart disease (RHD) progression, but non-adherence to SAP undermines most global RHD programs. RESEARCH QUESTION: We sought to determine whether enhanced SAP support administered through the public health system was feasible and a scalable model. AIMS: Determine the difference in 1-year SAP adherence rates of children with RHD in Uganda randomized to either Usual Care or Enhanced Support. Explore differences in patient-reported outcomes including treatment satisfaction and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: We conducted a pragmatic randomized trial of two support strategies for SAP integrated into routine care in Eastern Uganda. Children ages 5 to 17 years with RHD were randomized to either Usual Care or Enhanced Support . Outcome measures at the end of 12 months included SAP adherence, health related quality of life, and treatment satisfaction. See Figure 1. Results: In total, 208 participants were included in the analysis (103 from Usual Care and 105 from Enhanced Support) from 11 participating health centers. Mean age between the groups was the same (13.2 years), with 62.1% and 54.3% female participants in Usual Care and Enhanced Support, respectively. Most participants had only mild disease, with only 11.7% in Usual Care and 8.6% in Enhanced Support having moderate/severe disease. Mean WAMI scores between the two groups were the same, 0.49. After 12 months, mean adherence was 80.0% for those receiving Usual Care, compared to 98.2% for those receiving Enhanced Support (estimated mean difference 18.2% days of coverage; 95% CI 14.4; 22.1, p<0.001). Treatment satisfaction and HRQoL scores were not statistically significantly different between the groups. Conclusion: Although further research is needed to understand the minimum elements needed to achieve ideal SAP adherence and to understand implementation and dissemination at scale, the integration of community health workers into RHD supports may provide an effective and scalable model to improve outcomes for children with RHD in low-resource settings.

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