PP150 Topic: AS14–Infections: Sepsis and Septic Shock/Antimicrobial Stewardship/Tropical and Parasite Infections/Other: VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIAS: INCIDENCE AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE IN A TUNISIAN PEDIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

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Aims & Objectives: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) represents a significant source of morbidity and mortality in ventilated patients. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and the microbiological profile of VAP. Methods: Our study is an observational retrospective analysis conducted within our PICU over eighteen months. All children aged 0 to 14 years on mechanical ventilation for more than 48h were included. Cases of VAP were identified according to the diagnostic criteria of the CDC 2018. We reviewed the bacteriological profile in tracheal samples and postextubation endotracheal tube (ETT) tip culture. Results: Our study included 77 patients. The median age was 3 months [1.4; 7.75]. Patients were ventilated for a median duration of 8 days [5; 15 days]. The cumulative ventilation days during this period were 1172 days, during which 42 cases of VAP were diagnosed. The incidence of VAP was 3.58 per 100 days of mechanical ventilation. Among the 42 patients with VAP, 107 tracheal samples, and 30 postextubation ETT tip were collected. The most frequently identified pathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 63 samples (46%), (12.7% were MDR). Enterobacteriaceae were found in 38 samples (27.7%), (44.7% were MDR). Three samples (2.2%) were positive for Acinetobacter, two of which were MDR. Conclusions: Knowing the microbiological profile of VAP will help adjusting the antimicrobial treatment to prevent further the development of MDR organisms. Keywords: pediatric intensive care, ventilation associated pneumonia, microbiology, Mechanical Ventilation

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