S2251 The Impact of Low-FODMAP Diet in Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Introduction: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and changes in bowel habits. Increasing evidence suggests effectiveness of the low-fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides, and polyols(FODMAP) diet in managing IBS symptoms. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of the low FODMAP diet on IBS symptom severity and quality of life (QoL) in IBS patients. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search on the PubMed and SCOPUS databases from inception until June 8, 2024, for studies evaluating the effects of low-FODMAP diet on IBS symptom severity assessed by the IBS severity scoring system (IBS-SSS) and QoL assessed by the IBS-QoL questionnaire. The data were represented as mean differences for these continuous outcomes. Meta-analyses were performed for the quantitative analyses using random-effects models with inverse variance weighing. Results: Our meta-analysis included 15 studies with total of 1,198 participants. The pooled analysis demonstrated that patients on low-FODMAP diet experienced decrease in IBS-SSS compared to those on control diet (MD -49.91; 95% CI -76.94, -22.89; I2 = 89%, Figure 1A). Additionally, low-FODMAP diet significantly improved IBS-QoL scores compared to a control diet (MD 5.51; 95% CI 3.16, 7.85; I2 = 32%, Figure 1A). Conclusion: The low-FODMAP diet reduces IBS symptom severity and enhances QoL in individuals with IBS. These findings underscore the potential of the low-FODMAP diet as an effective treatment for managing IBS symptoms.Figure 1.: A) Effect of low-FODMAP diet on IBS-SSS in patients with IBS. B) Effect of low-FODMAP diet on QoL values in patients with IBS. FODMAP, fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides, and polyols; IBS-SSS, IBS severity scoring system; IBS, irritable bowel syndrome; QoL, quality of life.

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