What do we know about adult mammalian hippocampal neurogenesis so far?

Le résumé fourni par la source

It is known that the adult mammalian brain can add new neurons throughout the whole lifespan. Neural stem cells reside in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the rostral lateral ventricle. Neural stem cells in the subgranular zone give the excitatory granular cells of the dentate gyrus, and in the subventricular zone give new interneurons that migrate to the olfactory bulb. The following review will focus on characteristics of adult mammalian neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Furthermore, it will emphasize what happens to adult neurogenesis in Alzheimer's disease and depression. Also, it will discuss the still open question of the existence of adult neurogenesis in humans. Even though adult neurogenesis has been demonstrated in several species, we still do not know what the exact differences are between species and why some animals, like cetaceans, do not have the ability to generate new neurons in the hippocampus. Future studies must focus on the exact conditions and factors required for the proper development of adult neurogenesis, as it is conserved in different species. Also, interdisciplinary studies are required to explore the function of neurogenesis in the context of species adaptation to the environment as an evolutionary mechanism. More importantly, adult neurogenesis in humans remains an open question.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.