Glandular odontogenic cyst: A case series and literature review

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Abstract Aim The glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is a rare odontogenic cyst with a potentially aggressive growth potential and high recurrence rate. An absence of pathognomonic clinical, radiographic and histopathological features means the glandular odontogenic cyst is rarely included in a differential diagnosis for a well‐defined radiolucent cyst or tumour of the jaw. There is an absence of clarity on the most effective method of treatment for GOCs to reduce recurrence risk. Materials and Methods In this case series, we documented the treatment of three male patients who were referred for further investigation of well‐defined, corticated radiolucent lesions. Two lesions were located in the body of the mandible and one in the anterior maxilla. All three patients were in their fifth decade of life. Two patients reported mild discomfort, while one patient was asymptomatic upon presentation. Results The included cases were treated conservatively with enucleation and curettage under general anaesthesia. Histological examination confirmed a diagnosis of GOC in all cases. No clinical or radiographic recurrence has been observed. Conclusion The clinical, radiographic and histological appearance of the GOC mimics other cysts and tumours of the jaw, most significantly central mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Long‐term follow‐up is recommended due to the potential for recurrence, which is influenced by lesion size, locularity and cortical plate integrity.

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