Failure to Rescue Pediatric Recipients of Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Single‐Center Study of Technical Complications in 500 Primary Grafts

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BACKGROUND: The concept of failure to rescue (FTR) has been used to evaluate the quality of care in several surgical specialties but has not been well-studied after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in children. METHODS: This study retrospectively reviewed 500 pediatric LDLT performed at a single center between 1993 and 2022. The recipient outcomes were assessed by means of patient and graft survival rates, retransplantation rates, and arterial/portal/biliary complication rates. Graft and patient losses secondary to these complications were calculated regarding FTR for patients (FTRp) and grafts (FTRg). RESULTS: Overall 1- and 5-year patient survival rates were 94.5% and 92.1%, respectively, the corresponding figures for graft survival being 92.7% and 89.8%. One-year hepatic artery complication rate was 3.6% (n = 18 cases), the respective rates for portal vein complications and biliary complications being 5.7% (n = 57) and 15.6% (n = 101). One-year FTRp rates for hepatic artery thrombosis, portal vein thrombosis, anastomotic biliary stricture, and intrahepatic biliary stricture were 28.6%, 9.4%, 3.6%, and 0%, respectively. The corresponding FTRg rates being 21.4%, 6.3%, 0%, and 36.4%. CONCLUSION: Such novel analytical method may offer valuable insights for optimizing quality of care in pediatric LDLT.

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