The Role of Daily Dialysate Calcium Exposure in Phosphaturic Hormones in Dialysis Patients

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Managing mineral bone disease (MBD) could reduce cardiovascular risk and improve the survival of dialysis patients. Our study focuses on the impact of calcium bath exposure in dialysis patients by comparing peritoneal dialysis patients (PD, intervention group) and hemodialysis patients (HD, control group). We assessed various factors, including calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, PTH, vitamin D 25-OH, C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), and FGF-23 levels, as well as the calcium bath six hours before the blood sample and the length of daily calcium exposure. We enrolled 40 PD and 31 HD patients with a mean age of 68.7 ± 13.6 years. Our cohort had median PTH and FGF-23 levels of 194 ng/L (Interquartile range [IQR] 130-316) and 1296 pg/mL (IQR 396-2698), respectively. We identified the length of exposure to a 1.25 mmol/L calcium bath, phosphate levels, and CTX as independent predictors of PTH (OR 0.279, p = 0.011; OR 0.277, p = 0.012; OR 0.11, p = 0.01, respectively). In contrast, independent predictors of FGF-23 were phosphate levels (OR 0.48, p < 0.001) and serum calcium levels (OR 0.25, p = 0.015), which were affected by the calcium bath. These findings suggest that managing dialysate calcium baths impacts phosphaturic hormones and could be a critical factor in optimizing CKD-MBD treatment in PD patients, sparking a new avenue of research and potential interventions.

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