Epidemiology of Glomerular Diseases in Minia Governorate: A 5-Year Single-Center Experience

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Background: Studying the pattern of glomerular diseases gives an important insights about factors associated with its development or progression. Methods: This is a retropective study includes 312 patients underwent kidney biopsy at Minia university hospital between 2014 to 2019. The aim of this study was to highlight the histopathological patterns of glomerular disease in Minia governorate. Results: A total of 312 biopsy-proven glomerular diseases were reported. The mean age was 31.65±13.77 years, 61.5% were females Table (1). The most common clinical presentation was nephrotic Syndrome (39.4%). Lupus Nephritis contributed 27.9%, followed by Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (15.4%) Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (13.5%), IgA nephropathy (11.5%), amyloidosis (7.7%), Crescentic glomerulonephritis (5.8%), Thrombotic microangiopathy (4.8%), Vascular nephropathies (3.8%), Minimal change disease (3.8%), Membranous nephropathy (2.9%), Postinfectious glomerulonephritis (1.9%) and Diabetic nephropathy (0.96%). Table (2). Eighteen patients (62.1%) of lupus nephritis belonged to ISN/RPS class IV, seven patients belonged to class III, and four patients belonged to class V. Conclusions: Histopathological patterns of glomerular disease may indicate regional and ethnic variations that could point towards genetic or environmental influence. This might help in effectively managing this disease by identifying the predisposing factors. - Percentage of glomerular patterns: Table (2) Renal Diseases Number Overall percentage Minimal change disease (MCD) 12 3.8% Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (GSGS) 42 13.5% Membranous nephropathy (MN) 9 2.9% Lupus nephritis (LN) 87 27.9% Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) 48 15.4% Postinfections glomerulonephritis (PIGN) 6 1.9% Crescentic glomerulonephritis (CresGN) 18 5.8% Amyloid 24 7.7% Diabetic nephropathy (DN) 3 0.96% Vascular nephropathies (VN) 12 3.8% IgA 36 11.5% Thrombotic microangiopathy 15 4.8% - Demographic and clinical data: Table (1) Descriptive statistics (n=312) Males 120(38.5%) Females 192(61.5%) Male to female 0.63 Mean age (years) 31.65 ± 13.77 Age range (years) 13-75 Hypertension 51(16.3%)

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