Reduced human disturbance increases diurnal activity in wolves, but not Eurasian lynx
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Wildlife in the Anthropocene is increasingly constrained both spatially and temporally by lethal and non-lethal human disturbance. For large carnivores with extensive space requirements, like wolves and Eurasian lynx, avoiding human disturbance in European landscapes is challenging when sufficient space with low disturbance is rarely available. Consequently, investigating behavioural adjustments to human presence is critical to understanding the capacity to adapt to human disturbance. We hypothesised that under low human disturbance conditions, large carnivores would adjust their temporal behaviours to make use of daytime, and when daytime human disturbance is high, they would opt for nocturnality. Using camera trap data from nine European study sites along a gradient in human disturbance, we analysed wolf and Eurasian lynx nocturnality and diel activity patterns. Our data spanned multiple years 2014 – 2022, and we focused analysis on September until April, when most large carnivore monitoring takes place. For wolves, our analysis revealed i) increased nocturnal activity, ii) decreased diurnal overlap with human activity, and iii) a significant association between nocturnal activity probability and increasing human disturbance. For Eurasian lynx, we found iv) consistently nocturnal behaviours across all study sites, regardless of human disturbance, and v) no association between human disturbance and increased probability to be active during night. Our results show that wolves can adjust to diurnal or cathemeral behaviours under low human disturbance, but quickly shift to nocturnality when human disturbance increases. Eurasian lynx, however, consistently maintain their nocturnal behaviour, which we attribute to their principal hunting strategy of stalk and ambush. If human disturbance constrains large carnivore activity to nighttime, it could lead to changes in their interactions with prey. On the other hand, maintaining nocturnal behaviours in human-dominated landscapes may be beneficial for large carnivore conservation, by decreasing interactions thereby contributing to a landscape of coexistence.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Reduced human disturbance increases diurnal activity in wolves, but not Eurasian lynx
- Date Crossref
- 01/09/2024
- Éditeur
- Elsevier BV
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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University of Freiburg pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Bavarian Forest National Park pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Frankfurt Zoological Society pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Mammal Research Institute pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Polish Academy of Sciences pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
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University of Siena Research Unit of Behavioural Ecology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Zagreb Department of Veterinary Biology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Bielefeld University Department of Behavioural Ecology pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of South-Eastern Norway pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Chornobyl Radiation and Ecological Biosphere Reserve pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
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National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
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Institute of Ecology of the Carpathians pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
University of Freiburg, Bavarian Forest National Park et Frankfurt Zoological Society, avec 9 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.