Assessment of Serum Atherogenic Indices and Insulin Resistance in Retinal Vein Occlusion

Résumé fourni par la source

IntroductionRetinal vein occlusion (RVO) is a common retinal vascular disease that can lead to visual impairment. 1 The prevalence of RVO has been reported as between 0.3% and 1.6%.1,2 Its relatively high prevalence warrants attention to the prevention and management of the disease.Although there is still uncertainty regarding the pathogenesis of RVO, comprehensive studies have found an increased risk in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus (DM).3 Other identified risk factors for RVO development include aging, smoking, obesity, insulin resistance, trauma, open-angle glaucoma, thrombophilia, and hyperviscosity.4,5,6 The clinical signs of RVO include disseminated superficial and deep retinal hemorrhages, retinal edema, venous dilation, venous sheathing, anastomotic vessels, intraretinal microvascular disturbances, optic disc hyperemia, and optic disc edema.According to the location and findings of the affected vein, RVO is divided into the subtypes of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).7,8 Visual symptoms and prognosis rely on the subtype of RVO and the degree of macular involvement.The significant relationship with cardiovascular risk factors necessitates a systemic evaluation including assessment of blood pressure, complete blood count, lipid profile, glucose metabolism, and insulin resistance for all patients with RVO AbstractObjectives: This study aimed to investigate serum atherogenic indices as novel cardiovascular risk factors associated with retinal vein occlusion (RVO).Materials and Methods: This retrospective case-control study included 57 patients with newly diagnosed RVO whose plasma lipid profile (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], total cholesterol [TC], and triglycerides [TG]) and insulin resistance were examined.Serum atherogenic indices (LDL-C/ HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios) and presence of insulin resistance were compared between the patients and 63 healthy subjects.Cut-off values were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.Results: The mean age of the RVO patients was 63.7±9.4 years.Plasma levels of LDL-C, HDL-C, TC, and TG showed no significant difference between the patient and control groups (p>0.05).However, LDL-C/ HDL-C, non-HDL-C/HDL-C, and TC/HDL-C ratios were higher in the RVO group compared to healthy subjects (p=0.015,p=0.036, and p=0.015, respectively).Fasting insulin concentrations, plasma insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index were higher in the RVO patients compared to controls (p=0.003,p=0.001, and p=0.001, respectively).