Isolation and Identification of Gram-Positive Bacteria from the Epidermis of Students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka

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Serving as the defense mechanism of the human body with the environment, the human skin acts as a contact barrier to prevent the interference of foreign invaders, while providing a accommodation to the microflora.In circumstances where the defense is altered, the skin disease or even systemic disease can result.The composition of microbial communities on the human skin, is primarily dependent on the physiology of the skin position.Sebaceous sites are dominated by lipophilic Propionibacterium species, whereas bacteria that thrive in humid environments, such as Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium species, are abundant in moist areas of the skin.Colonization by microorganisms, on the skin surface is also driven by the ecology of the skin surface, which is highly variable depending on topographical location, endogenous host factors and exogenous environmental factors.The skin is composed of two distinct layers; the epidermis and dermis.Most microorganisms dwell in the topmost part of the skin (epidermis), and others reside in the innermost areas of the hair follicles (dermis).In this study, however, culture-based techniques were used to analyze the gram-positive microbes, colonizing the human epidermis.Ten different body sites of ten different students in Nnamdi Azikiwe University were sampled.All ten specimens, gave positive results to the gram stain test.From the results derived, after several biochemical tests were carried out, suspected organisms include: Propionibacterium acne, Corynebacterium species, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, other Staphylococcus species, Micrococcus species, Streptococcus species and Clostridium species.All suspected organisms are a major part of the human skin microflora, although organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus could exhibit pathogenicity in some cases.Corynebacterium specie and Staphylococcus aureus were shown to have very high susceptibility to all tested antibiotic, followed by Propionibacterium acne and Staphylococcus epidermidis.Clostridium specie had the highest resistance to Amoxil, streptomycin and nofloxacin.Furthermore, this study is added proof that gram-positive bacterial species are more abundant on the human skin than the gram-negative, as all ten different sites, sampled from ten different students of Nnamdi Azikiwe University, using culture-based analysis, yielded only gram-positive bacterial species.

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