Data, standards, indicators, benchmarks, goal setting and objectives, monitoring, surveillance, models and auditing

Résumé fourni par la source

Environmental management (EM) is faced with assessing the current situation or progress, although goal setting and modelling look forward. There is some overlap with the future-looking proactive approaches explored in the next chapter. EM methods, techniques, tools, etc., are mainly borrowed and adapted from other disciplines. EM has been aided by improvements in monitoring, surveillance and data gathering. There has also been development of geographical information systems (GISs), satellites, global positioning systems (GPSs) and unmanned or autonomous aerial vehicles (UAVs) ‘drones’, (and marine equivalents), trail cameras, cheaper/better electronic sensors, and more public involvement, including citizen science. This has been assisted by mobile phones and computers, cloud data storage and better information processing. There is ongoing development of auditing, modelling and evaluation for EM, SD and supporting fields. As well as tools, data, data analysis, statistics and interpretation, EM needs indicators, standards and benchmarks. Tasks involved in EM include: setting goals and objectives and getting an overall view, monitoring, surveillance, modelling, environmental auditing/assessment, eco-auditing, environmental accounting, SD auditing and environmental compliance auditing.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.