Interim Effectiveness of Updated 2023–2024 (Monovalent XBB.1.5) COVID-19 Vaccines Against COVID-19–Associated Emergency Department and Urgent Care Encounters and Hospitalization Among Immunocompetent Adults Aged ≥18 Years — VISION and IVY Networks, September 2023–January 2024

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In September 2023, CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended updated 2023-2024 (monovalent XBB.1.5)COVID-19 vaccination for all persons aged ≥6 months to prevent COVID-19, including severe disease.However, few estimates of updated vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended illness are available.This analysis evaluated VE of an updated COVID-19 vaccine dose against COVID-19-associated emergency department (ED) or urgent care (UC) encounters and hospitalization among immunocompetent adults aged ≥18 years during September 2023-January 2024 using a test-negative, case-control design with data from two CDC VE networks.VE against COVID-19-associated ED/ UC encounters was 51% (95% CI = 47%-54%) during the first 7-59 days after an updated dose and 39% (95% CI = 33%-45%) during the 60-119 days after an updated dose.VE estimates against COVID-19-associated hospitalization from two CDC VE networks were 52% (95% CI = 47%-57%) and 43% (95% CI = 27%-56%), with a median interval from updated dose of 42 and 47 days, respectively.Updated COVID-19 vaccine provided increased protection against COVID-19associated ED/UC encounters and hospitalization among immunocompetent adults.These results support CDC recommendations for updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccination.All persons aged ≥6 months should receive updated 2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccine.US Department of Health and Human Services | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | MMWR | February 29, 2024 | Vol.73 | No. 8case-control design to estimate COVID-19 VE.Eligible patients must receive molecular testing (e.g., real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR] testing) for SARS-CoV-2 during the 10 days preceding or up to 72 hours after a COVID-19-associated ED/UC encounter or hospital admission.**COVID-19 vaccination history is ascertained from state or jurisdictional registries, EHRs, and, in a subset of sites, medical claims data.IVY is a multisite, inpatient network including 26 hospitals in 20 U.S. states † † that uses a test-negative, case-control design to prospectively enroll patients with COVID-19-like illness (CLI) § § who receive testing for SARS-CoV-2 within 10 days ** COVID-19-like illness diagnoses were obtained from International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) discharge codes.The specific codes used were COVID-19 pneumonia: J12.81 and J12.82; influenza pneumonia: J09.

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