Biobehavioral Markers of Substance Use Disorders

Résumé fourni par la source

Predicting risk for diseases, including addiction would be an enormous benefit in identifying persons at risk and intervening with the course of that disease. The search for methods to identify substance use disorders in multi-dimensional. Chapter 17 reviews basic biobehavioral markers for acute intoxication, including measurable changes in the visual system, cardiovascular and nervous system. Toxicology testing including qualitative and quantitative analyses are discussed, along with their advantages and disadvantages. More recently blood chemistry tests for state and train markers have gained interested and are also discussed. This is a promising area but blood markers differ in their specificity and predictive value (in detecting alcohol use for example) with different populations. The strengths and limitations of each are discussed. The field of epigenetics is introduced. Epigenetics changes regulate genes without altering DNA. Such changes show promise as markers for sensitivity to nicotine, alcohol, cannabinoid and opioid use. Other potential markers (trait markers) have focused widely on alcohol and include neurochemicals such as dopamine, serotonin and GABA. Detecting patterns of heavy drinking using GGT, AST, ALT, CDT, MCV, PEth and others remain popular in clinical use and are discussed in detail.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.