Accès ouvert déclaré
2023
preprint
First characterization of the emission behavior of Mrk 421 from radio to very high-energy gamma rays with simultaneous X-ray polarization measurements
S. Abe, J. Abhir, V. A. Acciari, I. Agudo, T. Aniello, Stefano Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, A. Arbet Engels, C. Arcaro, M. Artero, Katsuaki Asano, A. Babić, Andrés Baquero, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, Ivana Batković, J. Baxter, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, E. Bernardini, J. Bernete, A. Berti, Jürgen Besenrieder, C. Bigongiari, A. Biland, O. Blanch, G. Bonnoli, Ž. Bošnjak, Irene Burelli, G. Busetto, A. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Carosi, R. Carosi, M. Carretero-Castrillo, A.J. Castro-Tirado, G. Ceribella, Yating Chai, A. Cifuentes, S. Cikota, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, S. Covino, F. D’Ammando, Giacomo D’Amico, V. D'Elia, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, B. De Lotto, Raniere de Menezes, Antonino Del Popolo, J. Delgado, C. Delgado Mendez, F. Di Pierro, L. Di Venere, D. Dominis Prester, A. Donini, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsäesser, Gabriel Emery, Juan Escudero, L. Fariña, Alicia Fattorini, L. Foffano, L. Font, Stefan Fröse, S. Fukami, Y. Fukazawa, R. J. Garcı́a López, M. Garczarczyk, S. Gasparyan, M. Gaug, J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, Paweł Gliwny, N. Godinović, T. Gradetzke, R. Grau, D. Green, Jarred Gershon Green, Patrick Günther, D. Hadasch, A. Hahn, T. Hassan, Lea Heckmann, J. Herrera, D. Hrupec, Moritz Hütten, Ryo Imazawa, Tomohiro Inada, Kazuma Ishio, Irene Jiménez Martínez, Jenni Jormanainen, D. Kerszberg, Gert Werner Kluge, Y. Kobayashi, Pouya M. Kouch, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, M. Láinez Lezáun, A. Lamastra, F. Leone, E. Lindfors, Lena Linhoff, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, R. López-Coto, Marcos López, A. López-Oramas, S. Loporchio, A. Lorini, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, G. Maneva, N. Mang, M. Manganaro, S. Mangano, K. Mannheim, M. Mariotti, M. Martı́nez, María Martínez-Chicharro, Alvaro Mas-Aguilar, D. Mazin, S. Menchiari, S. Mender, D. Miceli, T. Miener, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, Miguel Molero Gonzalez, E. Molina, H. A. Mondal, A. Moralejo, Daniel Morcuende, Takeshi Nakamori, C. Nanci, Lara Nava, V. Neustroev, Lukas Nickel, M. Nievas Rosillo, Cosimo Nigro, L. Nikolić, K. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, T. Njoh Ekoume, K. Noda, S. Nozaki, Y. Ohtani, A. Okumura, Jorge Otero-Santos, S. Paiano, M. Palatiello, D. Paneque, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, D. Pavlović, M. Peresano, M. Persic, Marine Pihet, G. Pirola, F. Podobnik, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, G. Principe, Chaitanya Priyadarshi, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, Chiara Righi, N. Sahakyan, T. Saito, K. Satalecka, Francesco Gabriele Saturni, Bernd Schleicher, K. Schmidt, Felix Schmuckermaier, J. L. Schubert, T. Schweizer, A. Sciaccaluga, J. Sitarek, Vitalii Sliusar, D. Sobczyńska, A. Stamerra, Jelena Strišković, D. Strom, M. Strzys, Y. Suda, Sofia Suutarinen, H. Tajima, Mitsunari Takahashi, R. Takeishi, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, Kenta Terauchi, T. Terzić, M. Teshima, Luca Tosti, S. Truzzi, Antonio Tutone, Santiago Ubach, Juliane van Scherpenberg, M. Vázquez Acosta, Sofia Ventura, Ilaria Viale, C. Vigorito, V. Vitale, Ievgen Vovk, R. Walter, Martin Will, Carolin Wunderlich, T. Yamamoto, Ioannis Liodakis, S. G. Jorstad, Laura Di Gesu, I. Donnarumma, Dawoon E. Kim, Alan P. Marscher, R. Middei, M. Perri, Simonetta Puccetti, F. Verrecchia, C. Leto, I. De La Calle Pérez, E. Jiménez‐Bailón, D. Blinov, Ioakeim G. Bourbah, S. Kiehlmann, Evangelos Kontopodis, N. Mandarakas, Raphael Skalidis, Anna Vervelaki, F. J. Aceituno, Beatriz Agı́s-González, A. Sota, Mahito Sasada, Y. Fukazawa, K. S. Kawabata, M. Uemura, T. Mizuno, H. Akitaya, C. Casadio, I. Myserlis, A Sievers, A. Lähteenmäki, I. Syrjärinne, M. Tornikoski, Q. Salomé, M. Gurwell, G. K. Keating, R. Rao
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Aims. We have performed the first broadband study of Mrk 421 from radio to TeV gamma rays with simultaneous measurements of theX-ray polarization from IXPE.Methods. The data were collected as part of an extensive multiwavelength campaign carried out between May and June 2022 using MAGIC,Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR, XMM-Newton, Swift, and several optical and radio telescopes to complement IXPE data.Results. During the IXPE exposures, the measured 0.2–1 TeV flux was close to the quiescent state and ranged from 25% to 50% of the CrabNebula without intra-night variability. Throughout the campaign, the very high-energy (VHE) and X-ray emission are positively correlated ata 4σ significance level. The IXPE measurements reveal an X-ray polarization degree that is a factor of 2–5 higher than in the optical/radiobands; that implies an energy-stratified jet in which the VHE photons are emitted co-spatially with the X-rays, in the vicinity of a shock front.The June 2022 observations exhibit a rotation of the X-ray polarization angle. Despite no simultaneous VHE coverage being available duringa large fraction of the swing, the Swift-XRT monitoring reveals an X-ray flux increase with a clear spectral hardening. This suggests that flaresin high synchrotron peaked blazars can be accompanied by a polarization angle rotation, as observed in some flat spectrum radio quasars.Finally, during the polarization angle rotation, NuSTAR data reveal two contiguous spectral hysteresis loops in opposite directions (clockwise andcounterclockwise), implying important changes in the particle acceleration efficiency on approximately hour timescales.
Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.
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Les sujets associés
Astrophysics and Cosmic PhenomenaParticle Accelerators and Free-Electron LasersDark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena