Glycemic control and associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a cross-sectional study of Azar cohort population

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BACKGROUND: Despite the growing prevalence of diabetes and its complications, there is a dearth of data regarding factors associated with glycemic control. Therefore, in this cross-sectional study, we aimed to identify factors influencing glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Iranian population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the Azar cohort population and the glycemic control status of patients with T2DM was investigated. Possible risk factors including age, sex, marital status, educational level, smoking status, sleep duration, family history of diabetes and hypertension, socioeconomic status, physical activity level, and co-existence of other chronic diseases and their relationship with glycemic control status were also assessed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify determinants of glycemic control. RESULTS: Among 1,710 T2DM patients (60.2% female), the overall prevalence of poor glycemic control was 56.8%. In the unadjusted logistic regression analysis model, a low wealth score index significantly increased the risk of poor glycemic control (OR: 1.49;1.10-2.02). Variables significantly associated with poor glycemic control even after adjusting for confounding factors were first-degree family history of diabetes (OR: 1.34; 1.08-1.65), and sleep duration (OR: 1.29 ;1.02-1.62 for 6.6-8 h/d; OR:1.42;1.10-1.88 for > 8 h/d). Interestingly, we found that the co-existence of ≥ 3 chronic diseases with diabetes decreased the risk of poor glycemic control. CONCLUSIONS: In the current study, most of the patients with T2DM had uncontrolled glycemic control. Due to the individual and social costs of diabetes complications, it is necessary to suggest tailored and effective interventions for controlling blood glucose levels in people with diabetes.

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