Factors Associated with Mortality of Newborns of Hypertensive Mothers in Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy represent the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with mortality in newborns of hypertensive mothers.This is a prospective descriptive study with analytical aims, which collected 89 newborns of hypertensive mothers in the obstetric gynecology and neonatology departments of Panzi GRH from February 20, 2021 to May 20, 2022.Blood sampling from the umbilical artery was carried out in the delivery room, and biochemical analysis was performed using the Edan device.We collected 86 samples among which metabolic acidosis accounted for 33.7%, respiratory acidosis 32.6%, 27.9% mixed acidosis, pH ≤ 7.20 37.2%.Respiratory distress (p = 0.001), Apgar score at 5th minute (p = 0.020), resuscitation at birth (p = 0.001) are statistically associated with pH ≤ 7.20.The risk of newborn death was associated with a history of abortion in the mothers, with a risk multiplied by (HR = 2.73), less than 4 prenatal consultation (PNC) during pregnancy (HR = 2.96), antenatal corticosteroid therapy (HZ = 7.11), prematurity (HZ = 7.19), low birth weight (HR = 8.63), resuscitation of newborns (HR = 8.59), transfer to neonatology (HR = 7.05) and presence of complications in newborns (HR = 16.01).Mortality of newborns born to hypertensive mothers is associated with a history of maternal abortion, low birth weight, resuscitation in the delivery room, transfer to neonatology, gestational age and complications during hospitalization in neonatology.Since respiratory distress is associated with severe acidosis, systematic analysis of pH and blood gases at the umbilical cord remains necessary for neonatal management.

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