Clinical Cases Oral

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The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein secreted mainly by granulosa cells in pre-antral and small antral follicles in female dogs.Even if its function is not fully understood until now, it is well known that it inhibits stimulatory effects of FSH and the initiation of primordial follicle growth.Nowadays, AMH measurement is often used to detect ovarian tissue in animals with unknown neuter status or in case of suspected ovarian remnant syndrome.The aim of the presented study was to investigate changes in the concentration of AMH during pregnancy and lactation in the dog.Therefore, blood samples were collected from 40 pregnant healthy dogs by venipuncture during estrus, early, mid and late pregnancy, during lactation, and after weaning (group of pregnant dogs), and at equivalent times during and after estrus in 15 non-pregnant dogs.Serum samples were frozen at -80°C and analysed using a chemiluminescence immune assay (Laboklin, Bad Kissingen, Germany) which was validated for canine AMH.In the pregnant dogs, median (25% and 75% quartile) AMH concentrations were 0.63 ng/mL (0.40/0.87) in estrus, 0.41 ng/mL (0.30/0.51) in early, 0.40 ng/mL (0.30/0.56) in mid, 0.50 ng/mL (0.37/0.68) in late pregnancy, 0.19 ng/mL (0.14/0.26) around 3 weeks in lactation and 0.30 ng/mL (0.24/0.50) after weaning.AMH in pregnant and non-pregnant dogs did not differ at the equivalent time points except to a decline during lactation.In conclusion, a significant decline of AMH concentrations during lactation was found in pregnant dogs.This might be due to the higher prolactin concentrations in lactating bitches inhibiting FSH or to other unknown mechanisms.

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