Physicochemical characterization of free troposphere and marine boundary layer ice-nucleating particles collected by aircraft in the eastern North Atlantic
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Atmospheric ice nucleation impacts the hydrological cycle and climate by modifying the radiative properties of clouds. To improve our predictive understanding of ice formation, ambient ice-nucleating particles (INPs) need to be collected and characterized. Measurements of INPs at lower latitudes in a remote marine region are scarce. The Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA) campaign, in the region of the Azores islands, provided the opportunity to collect particles in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and free troposphere (FT) by aircraft during the campaign's summer and winter intensive operation period. The particle population in samples collected was examined by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy with near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The identified INPs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. We observed differences in the particle population characteristics in terms of particle diversity, mixing state, and organic volume fraction between seasons, mostly due to dry intrusion events during winter, as well as between the sampling locations of the MBL and FT. These differences are also reflected in the temperature and humidity conditions under which water uptake, immersion freezing (IMF), and deposition ice nucleation (DIN) proceed. Identified INPs reflect typical particle types within the particle population on the samples and include sea salt, sea salt with sulfates, and mineral dust, all associated with organic matter, as well as carbonaceous particles. IMF and DIN kinetics are analyzed with respect to heterogeneous ice nucleation rate coefficients, J het , and ice nucleation active site density, n s , as a function of the water criterion Δ a w . DIN is also analyzed in terms of contact angles following classical nucleation theory. Derived MBL IMF kinetics agree with previous ACE-ENA ground-site INP measurements. FT particle samples show greater ice nucleation propensity compared to MBL particle samples. This study emphasizes that the types of INPs can vary seasonally and with altitude depending on sampling location, thereby showing different ice nucleation propensities, which is crucial information when representing mixed-phase cloud and cirrus cloud microphysics in models.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Physicochemical characterization of free troposphere and marine boundary layer ice-nucleating particles collected by aircraft in the eastern North Atlantic
- Date Crossref
- 08/08/2023
- Éditeur
- Copernicus GmbH
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Stony Brook University Department of Chemistry pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Purdue University West Lafayette Department of Chemistry pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Pacific Northwest National Laboratory pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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The Ohio State University current address: Center for Electron Microscopy and Analysis pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Sonoma Technology (United States) pays non établi dans la noticeEntreprise
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Advanced Light Source pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Washington University in St. Louis Department of Energy pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Stony Brook Univ. pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Purdue Univ. pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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The Ohio State Univ. pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
Department of Chemistry — Stony Brook University, Department of Chemistry — Purdue University West Lafayette et Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, avec 9 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.