Rational antigen design for cell based immunological assay systems in different immunological subjects

Résumé fourni par la source

Abstract Cell based immunological assay systems are widely used in research as well as routine diagnostics in these days to gain better and more detailed information compared to classical assay formats. Despite the less varying framework of well-established standard assay formats like ELISA, Flow Cytometry or EliSpot Assays, the antigens used for stimulation are undergoing dynamic changes as new applications are needed to manage complex emerging immunological challenges. Consequently, the most important component in such assay systems are the antigens used for stimulation. There are several methods to generate different types of stimulants which all have their own inherent advantages and disadvantages depending on their intended use and immunological problem being addressed. It is mandatory to ensure that the strategy used for the choice of a suitable antigen type is compatible with the used assay format and cell type analysed. Furthermore, the quality and design of those antigens are main factors influencing a clinically sufficient sensitivity and specificity of the final assay system. Depending on the desired clinical outcome of a given assay system, not all types of antigens fulfil the necessary requirements to gain sufficient results. Here we want to give a comprehensive overview of the most common available methods in antigen design and give advice when to use which kind of antigen type depending on the specific application. We will show the general tasks to accomplish during the process of designing new antigens used as stimuli in cell based immunological assay systems.

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