Global variability and controls on the accumulation of fallout radionuclides in cryoconite
Rattachement africain : gb, ch, pl, ca, dk, jp, it. Niveau de preuve : code pays fourni par la source.
Le résumé fourni par la source
The accumulation of fallout radionuclides (FRNs) from nuclear weapons testing and nuclear accidents has been evaluated for over half a century in natural environments; however, until recently their distribution and abundance within glaciers have been poorly understood. Following a series of individual studies of FRNs, specifically 137Cs, 241Am and 210Pb, deposited on the surface of glaciers, we now understand that cryoconite, a material commonly found in the supraglacial environment, is a highly efficient accumulator of FRNs, both artificial and natural. However, the variability of FRN activity concentrations in cryoconite across the global cryosphere has never been assessed. This study thus aims to both synthesize current knowledge on FRNs in cryoconite and assess the controls on variability of activity concentrations. We present a global database of new and previously published data based on gamma spectrometry of cryoconite and proglacial sediments, and assess the extent to which a suite of environmental and physical factors can explain spatial variability in FRN activity concentrations in cryoconite. We show that FRNs are not only found in cryoconite on glaciers within close proximity to specific sources of radioactivity, but across the global cryosphere, and at activity concentrations up to three orders of magnitude higher than those found in soils and sediments in the surrounding environment. We also show that the organic content of cryoconite exerts a strong control on accumulation of FRNs, and that activity concentrations in cryoconite are some of the highest ever described in environmental matrices outside of nuclear exclusion zones, occasionally in excess of 10,000 Bq kg−1. These findings highlight a need for significant improvements in the understanding of the fate of legacy contaminants within glaciated catchments. Future interdisciplinary research is required on the mechanisms governing their accumulation, storage, and mobility, and their potential to create time-dependent impacts on downstream water quality and ecosystem sustainability.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Global variability and controls on the accumulation of fallout radionuclides in cryoconite
- Date Crossref
- 01/10/2023
- Éditeur
- Elsevier BV
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Durham University Department of Geography pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Bern Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Paul Scherrer Institute pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Institute of Nuclear Physics pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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University of Northern British Columbia Department of Geography pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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AGH University of Krakow pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Plymouth pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Plymouth Marine Laboratory pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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University of Bristol pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Aarhus University Department of Environmental Science pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
Department of Geography — Durham University, Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry — University of Bern et Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, avec 9 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.