Therapeutic Aspects of Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetics at the National Diabetes Control Centre in Bamako, Mali

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Introduction: African populations, and particularly those living in Mali, are confronted with the emergence of chronic diseases whose treatment and monitoring represent an additional economic problem for them. Previously unknown, these diseases have grown to become a real public health problem. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus frequently coexist in the general population. The objectives were to study the therapeutic aspects of hypertension in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methodology: This was a retrospective study conducted at the National Diabetes Control Centre (CNLD) in which we reviewed the records of diabetic patients with hypertension from February 22 to May 16, 2020. Results: More than half of the patients were elderly, that is 62%, with a modal average age ranging from 65 to 74 years (58%). The timethe diabetes has had to progress was more than 5 years in 64% of the cases and that of hypertension was more than 5 years in 55% of the cases. Diabetes imbalance based on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was observed in 84% of cases. Urinary albumin excretion was observed in 33% of cases (diabetic and/or hypertensive nephropathy) but only 5% had proven renal failure. Based on anti-diabetes therapy, 59% of the cases were treated with oral antidiabetics (ADO), 41% with insulin therapy. With respect to the antihypertensive therapy, 71% of the cases were on monotherapy. The antidiabetic drugs used in our patients were, in decreasing order of frequency, oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) in 59% of cases and insulin therapy in 41% of cases. This therapeutic choice had no statistically significant relationship with the number of risk factors, diabetes control, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. Of these, 69% had good adherence to therapy. The number of antihypertensive drugs used was monotherapy (71%) and dual therapy (29%). There was no statistically significant relationship with the number of risk factors, diabetes control, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. ....

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