Safety and Efficacy of Brolucizumab Injection among Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy & DME in a Tertiary Care Hospital– A Prospective Study

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Introduction: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in adults aged 20–74 years. From 1990–2010, DR ranked as the fifth most common cause of preventable blindness and fifth most common cause of moderate to severe visual impairment. Previous research has implicated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy has become the treatment of choice for retinal vascular disorders such as diabetic macular edema (DME). Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of brolucizumab injection in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Methods: This was a prospective observational study and was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology of Bangladesh Eye Hospital & Institute Ltd, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from February, 2022 to February, 2023. In our study we took 300 patients with diabetic retinopathy & DME. All of them were given 6mg IVI brolucizumab injection. Result: In our study we found majority (35%) of our patients were aged 55-64 years and most of our patients were male (60%).We found the mean age was 56.53± 9.74 years and mean blood glucose was 98.8 ± 1.4 mg/dL. All patients had Type 2 diabetes. We found 20% NPDR, 47.33% PDR & 32.67% DME patients. The mean eye vision of our patients was 66.02± 4.02 and the mean kept reducing significantly till 18th week. Before treatment the mean of OCT was 427.04 ± 18.07 and after treatment we found 413.21 ± 11.12, 384.03 ± 14.02 & 254.19 ± 9.02 at 6th, 12th & 18th week respectively. Conclusion: In our study, we found a few complications of brolucizumab like no improvement of vision, nephropathy, cardiovascular disease was present among our patients. Although there were more adverse effects of brolucizumab but in our study we only found mild uveitis. The administration of anti-VEGF medicines in PDR is an emerging field. Although PRP is considered the first line .....

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