Demographics, Risk Factors, Complications, and Prognosis of Meningioma: Thirteen Years’ Experience in a Tertiary Center

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Background: Meningioma is the most common primary CNS tumor. The WHO classification of meningioma has evolved over the years as our understanding of meningioma behavior becomes clearer. Although a benign tumor, the grading of meningioma depends on multiple features that may indicate a more aggressive course and possible recurrence. Certain features in an otherwise WHO grade 1 meningioma can upgrade the pathology to grade 2 or grade 3 depending on the fulfilled criteria. The mainstay of management of all meningiomas is primarily surgical. Other modalities may be needed in certain situations. The complication rate defers with the pathology, location, intervention, surgical approach, and patient related risk factors. In this article, we provide an overview of demographics, clinical presentation, pathology, complications, follow-up, and recurrence rate of 13 years’ single institution experience with operable meningiomas. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with cranial meningioma operated in our institution between January 2008 and December 2021. Demographic, radiological, and operative data was collected from the patient's chart, operative notes, and pathology reports. Patients were followed up regularly for any signs of recurrence. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative data were analyzed in regard to their effect on the natural history of the disease, complication rate, hospital stay, recurrence, prognosis and need for further management. Results: A total of 230 patients with meningioma were operated in this period. In this study, we included 179 patients with meningioma confirmed on pathology report with mean age of 49 ± 12 years. 139 patients were females, and 40 patients were males. The most common symptom was headache in 91 patients (51%), followed by visual loss (38%) and seizure (20%). most common location was frontal convexity (26 patients) followed by suprasellar meningioma in 22 patients. 76 % of patients underwent a craniotomy and tumor resection and 23% of patients underwent an endoscopic tumor resection surgery with 63% achieving gross total resection. 41 patients (23%) patients required radiotherapy. The pathology was grade 1 meningioma in 64% of patients, 34% grade 2 meningioma and 1% grade 3 meningioma. 24% of patients developed general postoperative complications (sepsis, myocardial infarction, venous thrombosis, and pulmonary embolism) and 27% developed CNS-related complications. There was zero mortality at 4.7 years of follow-up. Conclusion: This article demonstrates the demographic distribution of meningioma operated over 13 years in a single tertiary center. The distributions of age, gender, pathology, presentation, and location are similar to those reported in literature as well as postoperative complications and recurrence rate. Publication History Article published online: 01 February 2023 © 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

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