Filamentary plasma eruptions and the heating and acceleration of electrons

Le résumé fourni par la source

We present test-particle simulations of electrons during a nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of a type-I edge localized mode to explore the effect of an eruptive plasma filament on the kinetic level. The electrons are moderately heated and accelerated during the filamentary eruption on a fast timescale of the order of 0.5 ms. A clearly non-thermal tail is formed in the distribution of the kinetic energy that is of power-law shape and reaches 90 keV for some particles. The acceleration is exclusively observed in the direction parallel to the magnetic field, i.e., with a clear preference in countercurrent direction, and we show that the parallel electric field is the cause of the observed acceleration. Most particles that escape from the system leave at one distinct strike-line in the outer divertor leg at some time during their energization. The escaping high-energy electrons in the tail of the energy distribution are not affected by collisions; thus, they show characteristics of runaway electrons. The mean square displacement indicates that transport in energy space clearly is superdiffusive, and interpreting the acceleration process as a random walk, we find that the distributions of energy-increments exhibit exponential tails, and transport in energy space is equally important of convective (systematic) and diffusive (stochastic) nature. By analyzing the MHD simulations per se, it turns out that the histograms of the parallel electric field in the edge region exhibit power-law shapes, and this clearly non-Gaussian statistics is ultimately one of the reasons for the moderately anomalous phenomena of particle transport that we find in energy space.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.