The Burden of Malnutrition in Childhood Cancer in Malawi – Risk Regardless of Age

Le résumé fourni par la source

Malnutrion among children with childhood cancer in low and middle income countries (LMICs) is prevelant. While national nutrition programs focus on children under 5 years, childhood cancer can occur regardless of their age. Through a single-center retrospective cohort in Lilongwe, Malawi, we aim to characterize the burden of age-related malnutrition among children diagnosed with cancer in Lilongwe, Malawi, and evaluate them for any associations with mortality. Four hundred and sixty-three children (63.5% ≥5 years and 58.3% males) were identified.The majority of children (63.3%) were malnourished; 23.1% had moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and 40.2% had severe acute malnutrition (SAM). Malnutrition was more common in children ≥5 years (70.0%) compared to children <5 years (51.8%); p < 0.0001. Age <5 years (HR 1.6; 95%CI 1.1-2.3, p = 0.016) and presence of sever acute malnutrition (HR 1.6, 95%CI 1.1-2.3, p = 0.012) were both associated with increased mortality risk. Acute malnutrition was highly prevalent among children with cancer above 5 years of age. This age group is not prioritized among malnutrition programs in LMICs, hence there is a direct need to include children with cancer regardless of age in national nutrition guidelines in LMICs to give them acces to adequate nutritional support.

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