Neonatal 24'Hour Urinary C^Peptide and Birth Weight in Infants of Diabetic Mothers

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Objective: Our purpose was to investigate the relationship between the birth weights and 24-h urinary C-peptide in infants of diabetic mothers.Methods: Sixty pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus (DM) were enrolled. Neonatal urine was collected for the first and second 24 h for measuring C-peptide. Birth weights were classified into 3 categories according to the Japanese standard curves; heavy-for-date (HFD), appropriate-for-date (AFD), and light-for-date (LFD). Unpaired t-test was used for comparison of 24-h urinary C-peptide in the 3 birth weight categories, with P-value <0.05. There were 7 HFD, 47 AFD, and 6 LFD infants. Birth weight averaged 3.9 ± 0.7, 3.0 ± 0.4, and 2.3 ± 0.3 kg, respectively.Results: Insulin concentrations of the umbilical artery were significantly higher in HFD than in AFD, and significantly higher in AFD than in LFD (49.5 ± 45.1, 16.8 ± 15.2, and 6.3 ± 6.1 μU/ml). During the first 24 h, urinary C-peptide was significantly higher in HFD than in AFD (2.73 ± 1.52 vs. 0.76 ± 0.81 μg/day), and significantly higher in AFD than in LFD (0.27 ± 0.27). On the second day, there was no longer statistical significance.Conclusions: Measurement of 24-h urinary C-peptide revealed that, among infants of diabetic mothers, HFD infants continue to secrete more insulin than AFD and LFD infants for the first 24 h.

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