An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions in the Southeast Atlantic basin
Rattachement africain : us, Namibie, Afrique du Sud, gb, fr, ch, gr, ca, nz, il. Niveau de preuve : code pays fourni par la source.
Le résumé fourni par la source
Abstract. Southern Africa produces almost a third of the Earth’s biomass burning (BB) aerosol particles, yet the fate of these particles and their influence on regional and global climate is poorly understood. ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) is a five-year NASA EVS-2 (Earth Venture Suborbital-2) investigation with three Intensive Observation Periods designed to study key atmospheric processes that determine the climate impacts of these aerosols. During the Southern Hemisphere winter and spring (June-October), aerosol particles reaching 3–5 km in altitude are transported westward over the South-East Atlantic, where they interact with one of the largest subtropical stratocumulus subtropical stratocumulus (Sc) cloud decks in the world. The representation of these interactions in climate models remains highly uncertain in part due to a scarcity of observational constraints on aerosol and cloud properties, and due to the parameterized treatment of physical processes. Three ORACLES deployments by the NASA P-3 aircraft in September 2016, August 2017 and October 2018 (totaling ~350 science flight hours), augmented by the deployment of the NASA ER-2 aircraft for remote sensing in September 2016 (totaling ~100 science flight hours), were intended to help fill this observational gap. ORACLES focuses on three fundamental science questions centered on the climate effects of African BB aerosols: (a) direct aerosol radiative effects; (b) effects of aerosol absorption on atmospheric circulation and clouds; (c) aerosol-cloud microphysical interactions. This paper summarizes the ORACLES science objectives, describes the project implementation, provides an overview of the flights and measurements in each deployment, and highlights the integrative modeling efforts from cloud to global scales to address science objectives. Significant new findings on the vertical structure of BB aerosol physical and chemical properties, chemical aging, cloud condensation nuclei, rain and precipitation statistics, and aerosol indirect effects are emphasized, but their detailed descriptions are the subject of separate publications. The main purpose of this paper is to familiarize the broader scientific community with the ORACLES project and the data set it produced.
Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.
Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions in the Southeast Atlantic basin
- Date Crossref
- 16/06/2020
- Éditeur
- Copernicus GmbH
- Type
- posted-content
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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University of Oklahoma pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Washington pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Miami pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Ames Research Center pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Bay Area Environmental Research Institute pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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Universities Space Research Association pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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Science and Technology Corporation (United States) pays non établi dans la noticeEntreprise
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Goddard Space Flight Center pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Namibia University of Science and Technology Department of Geo-Spatial Sciences and Technology Windhoek, Namibie (code pays fourni par la source)Université ou école supérieure
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North-West University Potchefstroom, Afrique du Sud (code pays fourni par la source)Université ou école supérieure
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University of Exeter pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
University of Oklahoma, University of Washington et University of Miami, avec 9 autres affiliations. Pays d’affiliation : Namibie, Afrique du Sud.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.