Dietary Triggers of Gut Inflammation Following Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in Children with Crohn’s Disease: A Pilot Study

Résumé fourni par la source

Abstract Objectives:The anti-inflammatory effect of exclusive enteral nutritionon thegut of children with Crohn’s disease is rapidly lost after food reintroduction. This study assessed disease dietary triggers following successful treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition.Methods: Nutrient intake, dietary patterns and dietary biomarkers in faeces (gluten immunogenic peptides, undigestible starch, short chain fatty acids) were assessed in 14 children with Crohn’s disease during early food reintroduction, following exclusive enteral nutrition. Groups above (Group A) and below (Group B) the median levels of faecal calprotectin after food reintroduction were assigned for comparative analysis. Results:Intakes of fibre, gluten-containing cereals and red and processed meat were significantly higher in Group A than Group B;(median [Q1, Q3], grams; Fibre: 12.1 [11.2, 19.9] vs 9.9 [7.6, 12.1], p=0.03; Red and processed meat: 151 [66.7, 190] vs 63.3[21.7, 67], p=0.02; gluten-containing cereals: 289 [207, 402] vs 203 [61, 232], p=0.035). A diet consisting ofcereals and meat products was predictive (92% accuracy) of higher faecal calprotectin levels after food reintroduction. In faeces, butyrate levels, expressed as absolute concentration and relative abundance,were higher in Group A than Group B by 28.4 μmol/g (p=0.015)and 6.4% (p=0.008), respectively.Levels of gluten immunogenic peptide and starch in faeces did not differ between the two groups. Conclusions:This pilot study identified potential dietary triggers of gut inflammation in children with Crohn’s disease after food reintroduction following treatment with exclusive enteral nutrition.Trial registration: Clinical trials.gov registration number: NCT02341248; Clinical trials.gov URL:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02341248 (retrospectively registered)

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.