Comparison of the metabolic syndrome risk factors in antipsychotic naïve and chronic schizophrenia patients

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Aim of the study This study aimed to compare the prevalence of MetS and cardiovascular risk factors in antipsychotic naïve schizophrenia (AN-SZ) and chronic schizophrenia (C-SZ) patients. Also, the effects of lifestyle, physical activity and clinical characteristics of these patients on metabolic syndrome were explored. Subject or material and methods In this cross-sectional study, 150 patients, 16-65 aged years were included. All subjects were recruited from the Psychiatric clinic of a tertiary hospital, ---, ---. The severity of symptoms was assessed by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Physical activity and lifestyle were evaluated by the Baecke and Lifestyle questionnaires. Results Fifty AN-SZ patients and 100 C-SZ patients participated. The rate of abdominal obesity was 29.2% for females and 10.3% for males. The C-SZ patients had significantly fewer healthy habitual physical activity and lifestyle, compared with AN-SZ patients. The prevalence of MetS in the AN-SZ and C-SZ groups was 8% and 23%, respectively (odds ratio [OR] 3.13). Binary logistic regression revealed age and unhealthy lifestyle to be significant predictors of MetS (adjusted OR 1.09 and 0.65, respectively). Discussion We found with increasing each 10 years, the odds of MetS to increase 2.37 times. There was a significant negative association between a healthy lifestyle of SZ patients and MetS. The results showed A decrease in the score of the Lifestyle questionnaire by each one-point to increase the odds of MetS by 45%. Conclusions Future studies are recommended to explore the importance of weight management and nutrition control for reducing the rate of MetS.

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