A review of fire effects across South American ecosystems: the role of climate and time since fire
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Le résumé fourni par la source
Abstract Background Fire is an important driver of ecosystem dynamics worldwide. However, knowledge on broad-scale patterns of ecosystem and organism responses to fires is still scarce. Through a systematic quantitative review of available studies across South America, we assessed fire effects on biodiversity and abundance of different organisms (i.e., plants, fungi, invertebrates, and vertebrates), plant fitness, and soil properties under four climate types, and time since the last fire (i.e., early and late post fire). We addressed: (1) What fire effects have been studied across South America? (2) What are the overall responses of biodiversity, abundance, fitness, and soil properties to fires? (3) How do climate and time since fire modulate those responses? Results We analyzed 160 articles reporting 1465 fire responses on paired burned and unburned conditions. We found no effect of fire on biodiversity or on invertebrate abundance, a negative effect on woody plant species and vertebrate abundance, and an increase in shrub fitness. Soil in burned areas had higher bulk density and pH, and lower organic matter and nitrogen. Fire effect was significantly more positive at early than at late post fire for plant fitness and for soil phosphorus and available nitrogen. Stronger negative effects in semiarid climate compared to humid warm climate suggest that higher temperatures and water availability allow a faster ecosystem recovery after fire. Conclusions Our review highlights the complexity of the climate–fire–vegetation feedback when assessing the response of soil properties and different organisms at various levels. The resilience observed in biodiversity may be expected considering the large number of fire-prone ecosystems in South America. The recovery of invertebrate abundance, the reduction of the vertebrate abundance, and the loss of nitrogen and organic matter coincide with the responses found in global reviews at early post-fire times. The strength of these responses was further influenced by climate type and post-fire time. Our synthesis provides the first broad-scale diagnosis of fire effects in South America, helping to visualize strengths, weaknesses, and gaps in fire research. It also brings much needed information for developing adequate land management in a continent where fire plays a prominent socio-ecological role.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- A review of fire effects across South American ecosystems: the role of climate and time since fire
- Date Crossref
- 23/04/2021
- Éditeur
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
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Universidad Nacional de Córdoba pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Leuphana University of Lüneburg pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Universidad Nacional de Cuyo pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Facultad de Ciencias Exactas pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
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Faculty of Sustainability pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Instituto de Diversidad y Ecologia Animal (IDEA) pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias pays non établi dans la noticeInstitution
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba et Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, avec 6 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.