Epidemiological investigation of a typhoid fever outbreak in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo province, South Africa – 2017
Rattachement africain : Afrique du Sud. Niveau de preuve : code pays fourni par la source.
Le résumé fourni par la source
Background: Typhoid fever remains a public health concern in South Africa, where the risk of transmission is high because of poor access to safe water and sanitation. This study describes the investigation of typhoid fever outbreak in Limpopo province. Methodology: Following notification of laboratory-confirmed cases, a descriptive study was conducted at Sekhukhune District, Limpopo province. A suspected case was defined as any person residing in Makhuduthamaga Municipality from November 2017 to January 2018, presenting with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. Data were collected using case investigation forms. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was carried out on Salmonella Typhi isolates and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test was done for Salmonella species from water samples. Location of cases and water sources were mapped using ArcGIS mapping tool. Results: Amongst 122 cases, 54% ( n = 66) were female and 6% ( n = 7) laboratory-confirmed. The median age of the cases was 11 years (range 2–83 years), with 79% ( n = 102) being children under the age of 14 years. Salmonella species were detected in 37% (10/27) of water samples and geographic information system (GIS) mapping showed clustering of cases in Tswaing-Kgwaripe and Vlakplaas villages. Six isolates were available for WGS analysis, with resulting data showing that five of the six isolates were genetically related. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the five isolates clustered together were genetically related showing < 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms when compared to each other. Conclusion: Molecular epidemiology of isolates suggests a common source outbreak, supported by the detection of Salmonella species from water sources. Consumption of water from contaminated open water sources, because of ongoing interruption of municipal water supply, was the likely cause of the outbreak. The investigation highlights the importance of consistent safe water supply and the ability of district surveillance systems to identify and contain outbreaks.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Epidemiological investigation of a typhoid fever outbreak in Sekhukhune District, Limpopo province, South Africa – 2017
- Date Crossref
- 16/11/2020
- Éditeur
- AOSIS
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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National Health Laboratory Service Department of Medical Microbiology Polokwane, Afrique du Sud (code pays fourni par la source)Organisme public
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National Institute for Communicable Diseases Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response Johannesburg, Afrique du Sud (pays nommé en fin d’affiliation)Organisme public
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University of Limpopo Department of Medical Microbiology University of Limpopo, Afrique du Sud (code pays fourni par la source)Université ou école supérieure
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University of Pretoria University of Pretoria, Afrique du Sud (code pays fourni par la source)Université ou école supérieure
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University of the Witwatersrand University of the Witwatersrand, Afrique du Sud (code pays fourni par la source)Université ou école supérieure
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Public Health Directorate Polokwane, Afrique du Sud (pays nommé en fin d’affiliation)Institution
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School of Health Systems and Public Health University of Pretoria, Afrique du Sud (pays nommé en fin d’affiliation)Université ou école supérieure
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School of Public Health University of Witwatersrand, Afrique du Sud (pays nommé en fin d’affiliation)Université ou école supérieure
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Department of Public Health Medicine Polokwane, Afrique du Sud (pays nommé en fin d’affiliation)Institution
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Sekhukhune District Polokwane, Afrique du Sud (pays nommé en fin d’affiliation)Institution
Department of Medical Microbiology — National Health Laboratory Service (Polokwane, Afrique du Sud), Division of Public Health Surveillance and Response — National Institute for Communicable Diseases (Johannesburg, Afrique du Sud) et Department of Medical Microbiology — University of Limpopo (University of Limpopo, Afrique du Sud), avec 7 autres affiliations. Pays d’affiliation : Afrique du Sud.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.