Help or flight? Increased threat imminence promotes defensive helping in humans
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Le résumé fourni par la source
In humans and other mammals, defensive responses to danger vary with threat imminence, but it is unknown how those responses affect decisions to help conspecifics. Here, we manipulated threat imminence to investigate the impact of different defensive states on human helping behaviour. Ninety-eight healthy adult participants made trial-by-trial decisions about whether to help a co-participant avoid an aversive shock, at the risk of receiving a shock themselves. Helping decisions were prompted under imminent or distal threat, based on temporal distance to the moment of shock administration to the co-participant. Results showed that, regardless of how likely participants were to also receive a shock, they helped the co-participant more under imminent than distal threat. Reaction times and cardiac changes during the task supported the efficacy of the threat imminence manipulation in eliciting dissociable defensive states, with faster responses and increased heart rate during imminent compared to distal threats. Individual differences in empathic concern were specifically correlated with helping during imminent threats. These results suggest that defensive states driving active escape from immediate danger may also facilitate decisions to help others, potentially by engaging neurocognitive systems implicated in caregiving across mammals.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Help or flight? Increased threat imminence promotes defensive helping in humans
- Date Crossref
- 26/08/2020
- Éditeur
- The Royal Society
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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Karolinska Institutet pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Heidelberg University Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University Hospital Heidelberg pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Central Institute of Mental Health pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
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Department of Clinical Neuroscience pays non établi dans la noticeÉtablissement de santé
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy — Heidelberg University et University Hospital Heidelberg, avec 2 autres affiliations.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.