2019
article
Probing Extreme Electromagnetic Fields with the Breit-Wheeler Process
Jaroslav Adam, K. Krueger, D. Kalinkin, В. А. Окороков, Wen-Qing Shen, Y. Hu, H. G. Ritter, G. S. Averichev, Y. Sun, X. H. He, Y. Ji, Lijuan Ruan, Justin Ewigleben, Maria Sergeeva, Yifei Zhang, Dmitry Morozov, M. Strikhanov, Te-Chuan Huang, Peter Seyboth, Matthew Kelsey, M. Simko, S. Salur, Y. Xu, Zhen Wang, Steven Heppelmann, Jérôme Lauret, Yuanjing Li, N. M. Abdelrahman, David Stewart, Zhanwen Zhu, Christina Markert, W. He, Oleg Rogachevskiy, C. Perkins, Daniel Nemes, I. G. Bordyuzhin, Guo-Liang Ma, H. Z. Huang, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, Scott W. Wissink, W. Zha, Nu Xu, J. L. Drachenberg, Nikolai Minaev, J. Zhao, D. P. Grosnick, A.A. Lebedev, L. Didenko, S. A. Voloshin, Michael V. Tokarev, Liwen Wen, K. Yip, Song Zhang, L. Kumar, Haojie Xu, O. Evdokimov, Jinhui Chen, Hank Crawford, Brian Chan, A. Chatterjee, D. Kapukchyan, Bernd Surrow, X. Dong, F. Seck, Susumu Sato, H. Zbroszczyk, Fuwang Shen, Derek Anderson, N. Elsey, Bill Christie, Zhenzhen Yang, Akio Ogawa, Larisa Nogach, N. Xu, Ł. Fulek, Jaroslav Bielcik, J. Mazer, A. Vasiliev, Zhenyu Chen, Xiaoping Zhang, Zhong Chen, Ayman Hamad, S. K. Tripathy, Jeonghun Lee, Yi Li, B. Pawlik, Todd Kinghorn, Eric A. Hoffman, Steven Trentalange, Jim Thomas, Leszek Kosarzewski, Feng Liu, Anjali Attri, G. D. Westfall, G. Xie, Matthew Posik, Zhe-Jia Zhang, Xin Li, Yuri A. Panebratsev, K. Nayak, J. Cheng, Adam Gibson, Robert E. Tribble, X. Luo, Kejun Kang, Nedialka Chankova-Bunzarova, Yifan Hong, Jan Marian Pluta, Y. Fisyak, Roli Esha, B. R. Schweid, J. C. Webb, Spiros Margetis, M. Przybycień, A. Taranenko, Zuzana Moravcova, Xinyue Ju, T. Niida, Chi Yang, L. Pinsky, Yanfang Liu, Yongjie Sun, Hao Qiu, R. Bellwied, Peng Liu, B. Kimelman, Xiaolong Chen, ShinIchi Esumi, Zhengqiao Zhang, Subhash Singha, L. Adamczyk, A. Behera, Robert Licenik, Z. Tang, I. Mooney, Marton Imre Nagy, Z. Ye, J. H. Kwasizur, Terry Tarnowsky, Т. Г. Дедович, D. P. Kikoła, Xinjie Huang, Leslie Bland, Yaping Wang, H. W. Ke, M. Chevalier, Iouri Vassiliev, S. Heppelmann, B. Summa, Peter Filip, Mike Lisa, R. D. Majka, Jay Roberts, I. Chakaberia, N. Shah, B. Schmidke, Madan Mohan Aggarwal, S. Yang, Hal Spinka, Zhiwan Xu, Yi-Fei Xu, I. Upsal, D. Pawłowska, S. Huang, Ron Longacre, M. L. Kabir, F. J. M. Geurts, W. Guryn, Brijesh Kumar Srivastava, Gang Wang, Geary Eppley, F. Videbæk, A. Pandav, Rongrong Ma, S. K. Radhakrishnan, K. N. Barish, A. Aparin, Donald Isenhower, Zhoudunming Tu, V. Bairathi, S. Mioduszewski, Michal Kocan, Robert Pak, Brian Page, Alexander Kiselev, Toshihiro Nonaka, M. Csanád, Hua Pei, S. S. Shi, A. Bhasin, J. Sandweiss, Mike Cherney, Dmitry Svirida, Bedanga Mohanty, Y. Wu, Dylan Neff, Wei Li, Zubayer Ahammed, Y. H. Leung, Gene Van Buren, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, Chensheng Zhou, Terrence Edmonds, Long Ma, Carl Gagliardi, John M. Nelson, Philipp Weidenkaff, P. Szymański, M. Stefaniak, Navneet Kumar Pruthi, Kevin Adkins, Y. Feng, Anthony Timmins, Blair Stringfellow, S. Oh, Stephen Horvat, Jiansong Wang, L. M. Kochenda, A. A. P. Suaide, D. Cebra, Ernst Sichtermann, William Solyst, R. Sikora, Y. G., K. Kauder, Joseph Butterworth, E. I. Shahaliev, Manuel Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, Eleanor Judd, Chan-Jui Feng, Xiaoyu Liu, Dave Underwood, Qi-Ye Shou, Richard Seto, Roland Laszlo Pinter, A.O. Kechechyan, Janet Seger, Elke-Caroline Aschenauer, Juan M. Romero, Norbert Herrmann, David Tlustý, J. Engelage, Feng-Han Chang, M. Daugherity, J. Vanek, Н. Н. Смирнов, J. Fedorišin, Jeffery Landgraf, Joern Putschke, Maowu Nie, J. D. Nam, Nasim, Cheng Li, WJ Llope, S. Stanislaus, Huanzhao Liu, D. Kincses, Kun Jiang, A. Jentsch, M. Zyzak, Q.Y. Yang, Xiangming Sun, Qinghua Xu, E. Finch, D. Keane, K. Gopal, S. Luo, S. Ramachandran, S. Lan, Sonya Kabana, Grażyna Odyniec, William Wescott Jacobs, R. Lednický, D. Zhang, N. S. Lukow, A. Hamed, Stanislav Vokal, Fuqiang Wang, P. Chaloupka, F. G. Atetalla, J. D. Brandenburg, Wei Xie, H. S. Matis, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, H. H. Wieman, John Harris, Andrei Brandin, Yi Wang, H. Sako, I. Alekseev, T. J. Humanic, Tong Liu, Yi Yang, O. Eyser, П. Кравцов, Renée Fatemi, Ding Chen, P. Sørensen, Catherine Tomkiel, Tatyana Galatyuk, H. Caines, Jeff Porter, Debasish Mallick, Pengfei Wang, Sedigheh Jowzaee, Jagbir Singh, Oleg Tsai, L. Ray, Zhen Liu, S. Fazio, P. Federic, Zhigang Xiao, S. Kagamaster, Prithwish Tribedy, G. Igo, Xianglei Zhu, C. Jena, N. R. Sahoo, I. Kisel, J. R. Adams, A. A. Derevschikov, Chong Kim, T. Ullrich, R. Lacey, Z. Chang, A. Kisiel, S. Choudhury, M. Źurek, Ming Shao, G. Nigmatkulov, Shenghui Zhang, Ingo Deppner, Ting Lin, L. Kramárik, Yue Liang, A. Francisco, J. Bielčíková, Peifeng Liu, Zaochen Ye, Prashanth Shanmuganathan, M. U. Ashraf, L. Holub, T. Ljubičić, R. Witt, J. Rusňák, Y. Lin, Aihong Tang, Norbert Schmitz, Peng Huo, M. Šumbera, J. C. Dunlop, A. Quintero, J. Jia, R. Reed
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Le résumé fourni par la source
The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) accelerates nuclei to ultra-relativistic velocities, producing some of the strongest known magnetic fields in the Universe (${10^{14}-10^{15}}$ Tesla). The highly Lorentz-contracted Coulomb fields of the nuclei generate a flux of linearly polarized quasi-real photons that can interact via the Breit-Wheeler process to produce electron-positron pairs (${\gamma\gamma \rightarrow e^+e^-}$). Experimental data presented in this article are consistent with Breit-Wheeler theory across all measured differentials. The detected pairs are produced predominantly at low transverse momentum ($P_{\perp}$) with a smooth invariant mass distribution, with the individual ${e^\pm}$ preferentially aligned along the beam direction, and with a 4th-order modulation in azimuth between the ${e^+e^-}$ pair and ${e^\pm}$ momenta. The $P_{\perp}$ spectrum broadens from large to small impact parameters. Our observation opens new opportunities to study Quantum Chromodynamics under extreme conditions and provides a new tool for interdisciplinary study of extreme electromagnetic fields.
Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.
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Les sujets associés
Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron LasersLaser-Plasma Interactions and DiagnosticsAstrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena