Host and environmental determinants of placental iodine concentrations

Le résumé fourni par la source

TPS 743: Health effects in pregnancy, Exhibition Hall, Ground floor, August 26, 2019, 3:00 PM - 4:30 PM Background/aims Iodine is an essential trace element, used in the production of thyroid hormones, and plays a key role during the gestational period for optimal foetal growth and (neuro-)development. To this day, Europe still faces the public health problems of iodine deficiency. Previous studies indicate that the placental iodine levels are representative of the gestational diet. We aim to investigate the host and environmental determinants of placental iodine concentrations. Methods: For 473 women, selected from the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort, the placenta was sampled at three standardized locations. Pooled samples were digested, and the iodine concentrations were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Lifestyle and environmental variables were obtained using questionnaires and medical files. A high-resolution air pollution model estimated exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5), based on maternal address. Determinants of placental iodine concentration were identified using stepwise regression procedures, with a p-value of 0.15 for the independent variables to enter/stay in the model. Results: Median iodine concentration was 25.9 ppb. Nineteen explanatory variables were a priori selected, of which nine reached the 0.15 threshold. The following determinants were positively associated with iodine concentrations: date of delivery, gestational age, usage of vitamins, use of anti-inflammatory medication, and the concentration of iodine was highest in children born during the winter season. Variables associated with an adverse outcome were: women with gestational diabetes, an excess amount of weight gain during the pregnancy, and women exposed to indoor SHS. Additionally, exposure to PM2.5 during the last trimester of pregnancy was associated with lower iodine levels in the placenta. Conclusions: We observe various host and environmental factors that alter the gestational iodine concentrations. These findings indicate several risk factors for iodine deficiency, and hence adequate actions should be taken to achieve iodine sufficiency during gestation in order to safeguard the neonates optimal (neuro-)development.

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