Characteristics of Positive Deviants in Western Chimpanzee Populations
Rattachement africain : de, Sierra Leone, gb, Ghana, fr, be, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroun. Niveau de preuve : code pays fourni par la source.
Le résumé fourni par la source
With continued expansion of anthropogenically modified landscapes, the proximity between humans and wildlife is continuing to increase, frequently resulting in species decline. Occasionally however, species are able to persist and there is an increased interest in understanding such positive outliers and underlying mechanisms. Eventually, such insights can inform the design of effective conservation interventions by mimicking aspects of the social-ecological conditions found in areas of species persistence. Recently, frameworks have been developed to study the heterogeneity of species persistence across populations with a focus on positive outliers. Applications are still rare, and to our knowledge this is one of the first studies using this approach for terrestrial species conservation. We applied the positive deviance concept to the western chimpanzee, which occurs in a variety of social-ecological landscapes. It is now categorized as Critically Endangered due to hunting and habitat loss and resulting excessive decline of most of its populations. Here we are interested in understanding why some of the populations did not decline. We compiled a dataset of 17,109 chimpanzee survey transects (10,929 km) across nine countries and linked them to a range of social and ecological variables. We found that chimpanzees seemed to persist within three social-ecological configurations: first, rainforest habitats with a low degree of human impact, second, steep areas, and third, areas with high prevalence of hunting taboos and low degree of human impact. The largest chimpanzee populations are nowadays found under the third social-ecological configuration, even though most of these areas are not officially protected. Most commonly chimpanzee conservation has been based on exclusion of threats by creation of protected areas and law enforcement. Our findings suggest, however, that this approach should be complemented by an additional focus on threat reduction, i.e., interventions that directly target individual human behavior that is most threatening to chimpanzees, which is hunting. Although changing human behavior is difficult, stakeholder co-designed behavioral change approaches developed in the social sciences have been used successfully to promote pro-environmental behavior. With only a fraction of chimpanzees and primates living inside protected areas, such new approaches might be a way forward to improve primate conservation.
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Le contrôle bibliographique ouvert
DOI retrouvé dans Crossref DOI retrouvé ; titre concordant.
- Titre Crossref
- Characteristics of Positive Deviants in Western Chimpanzee Populations
- Date Crossref
- 19/02/2019
- Éditeur
- Frontiers Media SA
- Type
- journal-article
Ce recoupement confirme des métadonnées liées au DOI. Il ne confirme ni la méthode ni les conclusions de l’étude, et il ne compte pas comme une seconde source scientifique indépendante.
Où se fait cette recherche
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German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Department of Primatology pays non établi dans la noticeStructure de recherche
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Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute Sierra Leone (code pays fourni par la source)Structure de recherche
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University of Stirling pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Department of Wildlife and Range Management Kumasi, Ghana (code pays fourni par la source)Université ou école supérieure
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Université de Nîmes pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Oxford Brookes University Environment and Development pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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University of Liège Behavioural Biology Unit pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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WWF Germany pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisation à but non lucratif
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Royal Society for the Protection of Birds RSPB Centre for Conservation Science pays non établi dans la noticeOrganisme public
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Royal Holloway University of London pays non établi dans la noticeUniversité ou école supérieure
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Swiss Centre for Scientific Research Côte d’Ivoire (code pays fourni par la source)Organisation à but non lucratif
German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Department of Primatology — Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology et Sierra Leone Agricultural Research Institute (Sierra Leone), avec 9 autres affiliations. Pays d’affiliation : Sierra Leone, Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroun.
Une affiliation ne permet pas de déduire la nationalité d’un auteur.