The biological features and clinical significance of natural killer cell reconstitution following allogenic stem cell transplantation

Le résumé fourni par la source

Natural killer (NK) cells reconstitute rapidly following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) at a time when alloreactive T cell immunity is being established. Important differences are seen in the patterns of reconstitution between T cell deplete, T cell replete and umbilical cord stem cell transplants. 82 patients who received T cell-deplete allo-SCT were studied to determine the functional and transcriptional profile of the reconstituting NK cells and to assess the relationship with clinical outcome. NK cells at day 14 (D14-NK) were donor-derived, intensely proliferating and expressed chemokine receptors targeted to lymphoid and peripheral tissue. Spontaneous production of the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 was observed in over 70% of cells and transcription of cytokines and growth factors was augmented. D14-NK cell number was inversely correlated with the incidence of grade II-IV acute graft versus host disease (GVHD). These findings reveal that robust reconstitution of immunoregulatory NK cells by day 14 after allo-SCT is an important determinant of clinical outcome and suggest NK cells may suppress development of the T cell-mediated alloreactive immune response through production of IL-10.

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