HTR2A genetic variants as risk factors for cigarette smoking at an early age and relapse to smoking cessation treatment.

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Introduction: Tobacco smoking is a complex and multifactorial disease involving both environmental and genetic factors. In Mexican mestizo population, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with cigarette smoking and a greater degree of nicotine addiction have been identified; however, no possible roles have been explored with the age of initiation of smoking, nor in the success of quitting smoking. Methods: In the present study 151 Mexican mestizo smokers were included, grouped according to the age at which they started smoking (table 1), those who started smoking before the 18 years old (early smokers, ES) and those who started smoking ≥18 years (late smokers, LS). In addition, the relapse in smoking abstinence was evaluated at the first month after the end of treatment. Genetic association was evaluated characterizing 10 SNP in 4 genes (CHRNA5, CHRNA3, NRXN1 HTR2A). Results: By dominant model, rs6313 (CT + TT) of the HTR2A gene is associated (p = 0.0201) with cigarette consumption at early ages (OR = 2.68, CI = 1.18-6.07). When the risk of relapse was analyzed one month after the end of treatment, regardless of the age of onset, the allele (T, rs6313) of HTR2A is a risk factor (OR = 2.92, 95% CI = 1.06-8.11); this is more frequently (50.0%) in smokers who relapse compared to smokers (p = 0.0332) maintaining abstinence (25.4%). Conclusions: Our findings are an antecedent to consider the strategies employed in treatment for smoking cessation and maintenance of abstinence from cigarette smoking.

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