Effect of Maternal Obesity on Placental Lipid Metabolism

Résumé fourni par la source

Maternal obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) are associated with a higher risk for maternal, and offspring complications and appear to be mediated at least partly by an aberrant placental morphology and function, with altered nutrient transport capacities. The human placenta adapts to mild maternal diabetes by limiting placental glucose transfer, and consequently protecting the fetus to a certain degree from excessive glucose exposure. In the maternal circulation, fatty acids are primarily transported in lipoproteins, which are not taken up by the placenta in an appreciable extent. Both placental lipoprotein lipase and endothelial lipase hydrolyze maternal plasma lipoprotein, triglycerides and phospholipids, and liberated FA can be taken up by the placenta. Non-esterified fatty acids can cross placental membranes through facilitated diffusion. This process is mediated by a family of transmembrane fatty acid transporters, fatty acid binding proteins, fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) and the MFSD2a transporter. Placental lipid content depends on maternal supply. Therefore, maternal dyslipidemia status may be expected to alter lipid composition in placental tissue. GDM alters the placental fatty acid content and the expression of genes involved on fatty acid transfer to the fetus.

Ce résumé expose les affirmations des auteurs. BNTIC ne l’interprète pas comme une validation indépendante des résultats.