Neurocysticercosis in Argentina: review of 23 years (1994-2017)

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Background: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is a parasitical disease of the central nervous system (CNS) produced by the larva of Tenia solium. It is the first cause of epilepsy acquired worldwide. The objective is to characterize the cases of NCC assisted in a hospital of the City of Buenos Aires between 1994- 2017. Methods & Materials: Retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study of medical records of cysticercosis and NCC. Epidemiological, clinical and imaging characteristics were evaluated. The diagnosis was made according to the Del Brutto criteria (DBC) (Del Brutto et al., 2001Del Brutto O.H. et al.Neurology. 2001 24; 57: 177-183Crossref PubMed Scopus (649) Google Scholar). Results: Of 122 cases with diagnosis of NCC, 74 fulfilled DBC.Tabled 1Demographic characteristicsSexN%Total74100Male4764Female2736AgeMean 32,8Maximum 73Country of birth%Bolivia4358Argentina1520Peru1115Chile23Brazil, Ecuador and Paraguay34Clinical manifestationsN%Seizures6486Headache5068Loss of consciousness1622Dizziness811Neurological deficit68Other symptoms1622Amount of injuries in SNCN%3 or more425712027245N/D811Location of injuriesN%Intraparenchymal4865Ventricular57Intraparenchymal and ventricular68N/D1520StagesN%Vesicular2027Colloid1622Calcified1115Grainy23Several stages simultaneously1115N/D1419Perilesional edema1520TreatmentN%Received treatment with Albendazole4763,5History of previous treatment2027Use of steroids3040,5Use of anticomisials5574,3Relapse / re treatment79,5Median treatment time: 21 days Open table in a new tab Conclusion: We describe the larger case series of NCC in Argentina. This disease is usually seen in our region and is probably underdiagnosed because the diagnosis is usually made when patients are symptomatic, and also due to the absence of gold standard method of diagnosis. It relies in scores like those of CBD. Arriving to the diagnosis is essential, since this cause of seizures has specific treatment.

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