Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Young Females

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Abstract BACKGROUND: To define myocardial infarction in “young”, many studies taken < 40 to 45 yrs. of age as cut off point. We have data in young males with obstructive coronary artery disease, but limited data in young females. OBJECTIVES: To see the disease pattern, risk factors, presentation, ventricular function and PCI efficiency of young females in comparison with young males with obstructive coronary artery disease who require PCI. MATERIAL AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of young patients (< 45 yrs. of age) who undergone PCI over past two years. We noted the clinical, investigative and treatment modalities of these patients. RESULTS: 200 young patients had undergone PCI for obstructive CAD with 42 females over two year period. Females had more frequently hypertension (69.1% vs. 43.7%) and Type 2 Diabetes (33.3% vs22.8%) which are statistically significant. Smoking was frequent in young males than young females. Males were presented as acute MI, whereas females with rest chest pain. Multi-vessel involvements, LV dysfunction, success of PCI and complication rates were similar in both groups. Females are more anemic (< 11 g/dl in females and < 13g/dl in males). Complexity of lesion (B2 or C type of lesions) is more in females which is statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Young females had more frequently hypertension, Diabetes, acute coronary syndrome without MI, mild anemia, complex lesions than young males, but with same success and complication rate of PCI.

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