Alcohol Effects on Adult Neural Stem Cells – A Novel Mechanism of Neurotoxicity and Recovery in Alcohol Use Disorders

Le résumé fourni par la source

Excessive alcohol intake, a hallmark of an alcohol use disorder (AUD), results in significant behavioral and cognitive impairments due to neuroplastic and neurotoxic changes in both central nervous system structure and function. Alcohol not only directly induces neurotoxicity through cell death, but its impact on constitutive adult neurogenesis via neural stem and progenitor cells may also contribute to neurodegeneration via lack of cell generation in some brain regions. It is unlikely mere coincidence that alcohol impairment of brain structure and function parallels the effect of alcohol on neural stem cells and adult neurogenesis during alcohol intoxication versus recovery in abstinence. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the important highlights in the seminal discoveries of neural stem cells and neurogenesis in the adult brain and then discuss the effects of alcohol on the various components of adult neurogenesis.

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