Embarking Effect of ACE2-Angiotensin 1–7/Mas Receptor Axis in Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

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The proliferative cell process that causes prostate enlargement, obstruction of the bladder outlet, and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The prevalence of BPH worldwide is approximately 10%, 20%, 50%, and 80% for men in their 30s, 40s, 60s, and 70s, respectively. Recent data have revealed that overactivation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system increases the level of bioactive peptide hormone angiotensin II, which downregulates the ACE2-angiotensin 1-7/Mas receptor axis path and upregulates angiotensin receptor type 1-mediated signaling, which finally leads to a proliferation of cellular elements in the prostate. We have hypothesized the mechanism that reverses the downregulation of the ACE2-angiotensin 1-7/Mas receptor axis path and the upregulation of angiotensin receptor type 1-mediated signaling. Thus, we posit that ACE2, Ang-(1-7), and the Mas receptor could be novel therapeutic targets for treating BPH/LUTS.