Production and Partial Characterization of Antimicrobial Agent from Algerian Arid Soil Streptomyces
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Background: Our aims were to demonstrate the antimicrobial activity as well as the purification and characterization of the substance involved in this phenomenon in actinomycetes isolated from the arid Algerian soil. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two actinomycetes strains were isolated from soil samples collected from an arid field Algeria. The isolates were assessed for antimicrobial activity against five Gram-positive bacteria, three Gram-negative bacteria, and two pathogenic fungi. The most efficient strain is then retained for identification, fermentation, extraction and characterization of the bioactive agent produced. Results: During the initial screening, 81% of strains showed antimicrobial activity. Among the strains tested, ASB 19 showed strong antimicrobial activity. The active metabolite was extracted with methanol and tested against microbial pathogens using the disc diffusion method. The crude extract was purified partially using column chromatography and assessed for antimicrobial activity. Fraction Ays1 showed good activity against Staphylococcus aureus (3.25 mg/mL) and Listeria monocytogenes (4 mg/mL). Based on morphological and biochemical characteristics, this strain was identified as Streptomyces sp. The UV-visible spectra of the methanol extracts show that the active compound suggested a non polyene nature. The separation by thin layer chromatography (TLC) directed us to the choice of the suitable solvent system, it is methanol ethylacetate (6: 4). The ASB 19 strain tasks bio autography shows that only one task is active. GC analysis of active fractions allows us to approach the chemical family of the bioactive molecule to dibutyl phthalate. Conclusion: From the results obtained, it is concluded that, our strain produces bioactive compound which may be further characterized for its properties.
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