The francophone network on neglected tropical diseases

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ContextNeglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are communicable diseases that affect the world's poorest populations living in endemic areas and having no or little access to prevention means, diagnosis, or treatment.WHO recognizes 18 NTDs endemic in 149 countries, affecting approximately a billion people (WHO, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2017/ntd- report/en/).Despite their massive impact, which constitutes the "chronic pandemic of the 21st century" [1], only 0.6% of the global healthcare funding is allocated for controlling these diseases.This imbalance has led to the creation in 2005 of the concept of NTDs for rescuing these diseases from oblivion and to stimulate control efforts besides the "big three" funded by the Global Fund (HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis) through the objectives of the Millenium Development Goals.In order to reduce the global impact of NTDs as quickly as possible, WHO defined a roadmap in 2012 (http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/NTD_RoadMap_2012_Fullversion.pdf) with 2015 and 2020 targets for each disease, which were endorsed by all countries and partners through a specific resolution of the World Health Assembly (WHA Resolution No. 66.12 of 27 May 2013).Additional support and resources to eliminate 10 of the most common NTDs were pledged by "The London Declaration on NTDs" under the initiative of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through massive donations of drugs by pharmaceutical companies and donations by governments and foundations.A specific working group was set up at the G7 level under the German presidency.At the European level, the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trial Partnership (EDCTP) program, initially focusing exclusively on HIV/ AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis (EDCTP1, 2003(EDCTP1, -2015)), now targets NTDs in the framework of its second program, EDCTP2 (2014)(2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020)(2021)(2022)(2023).NTDs are also now specifically mentioned in the 2030 Health Sustainable Development Goals (SDG No. 3). Involvement of France in NTDsFrance has a long history in the fight against NTDs.Laveran, Pasteur, Yersin, Muraz, Richet, and Jamot were pioneers in the research and control of NTDs.More recently, the involvement of IRD (Institut de Recherche pour le De ´veloppement, formerly ORSTOM) has been key in designing and implementing the Onchocerciasis Control Program (OCP) funded by the World Bank in West Africa, which has had a decisive impact on onchocerciasis control.Some examples of recent involvement of French scientists in the field of NTDs who had a significant

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