EPIDEMIOLOGY, AETIOLOGY AND PATTERN OF PENETRATING OCULAR TRAUMA IN KOLKATA AND SURROUNDINGS

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BACKGROUND \nThe purpose of the study was to determine the epidemiology, aetiology and pattern of penetrating ocular trauma in Kolkata \nand surroundings. \nMATERIALS AND METHODS \nIt was a retrospective study of patients with open globe injuries who underwent surgery from July 2015 to June 2016 at \nRegional Institute of Ophthalmology, Calcutta Medical College, West Bengal. We examined and classified the injuries based on \nBETTS (Birmingham eye trauma terminology system). \nWe included 192 eyes from 192 patients. The majority of injuries occurred in young (48% patients were <16 years). 54.17% \npatients were male and 45.83% were female. Most common mode of trauma was Stone (52), Followed by Iron Rod or Piece \n(44) and Wood (32). Other causes were Cow’s horn (14), Needle (12) Knife (8), Arrow (6), Sickle (6), Rubber Tube (4), Glass \n(2), Crackers (4), Metal Instrument (2), Bird Beak (2) and Pencil (2). \nRESULTS \nThe highest proportion of injuries occurred at home followed by outside. According to BETTS, 61 patients had zone 1, 29 \npatients - zone 2, 6 patients - Zone 3 injury. Associated features were iris prolapse, hyphaema, anterior capsular rupture, lid \ntear and impacted foreign body. Mean period of presenting at hospital was 2.72 days. Most common visual acuity at \npresentation was less than 6/60 to perception of light. \nCONCLUSION \nIn our study, serious ocular trauma frequently occurred at home followed by outside and the young were particularly at risk. \nMost common mode of trauma was stone. Most of the injuries were limited to cornea up to limbus. More adequate adult \nsupervision and educational measures are necessary in order to reduce the prevalence of these accidents. \n

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